What does DNA stand for?

DNA stands for Deoxy Ribose Nucleic Acid, and is the universal building block of life. The molecule itself is composed of a sugar backbone interlinked by bases held together in a helical structure. See the image below:

There are 4 bases labeled above as C, A, G, T all of which have a different structure, and always pair in the combination shown in the diagram. Three of these based in combination code for the building blocks of proteins, known as amino acids. These amino acids are foundation on which our physical structure is determined.